1. Zafin Jiki: Zafin Jiki shine ma'aunin yadda abu yake zafi ko sanyi.
Akwai na'urorin zafin jiki guda uku da ake amfani da su akai-akai (ma'aunin zafin jiki): Celsius, Fahrenheit, da kuma cikakken zafin jiki.
Yanayin zafin Celsius (t, ℃): zafin da muke yawan amfani da shi. Ana auna zafin jiki da ma'aunin zafi na Celsius.
Fahrenheit (F, ℉): Zafin jiki da aka saba amfani da shi a ƙasashen Turai da Amurka.
canjin zafin jiki:
F (°F) = 9/5 * t(°C) +32 (Nemo zafin jiki a Fahrenheit daga yanayin zafi da aka sani a Celsius)
t (°C) = [F (°F)-32] * 5/9 (Nemo zafin jiki a Celsius daga yanayin zafi da aka sani a Fahrenheit)
Ma'aunin zafin jiki cikakke (T, ºK): galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin lissafin ka'idoji.
Ma'aunin zafin jiki cikakke da kuma canjin zafin Celsius:
T (ºK) = t (°C) +273 (Nemo cikakken zafin jiki daga yanayin zafi da aka sani a Celsius)
2. Matsi (P): A cikin firiji, matsin lamba shine ƙarfin tsaye akan yankin naúrar, wato, matsin lamba, wanda yawanci ana auna shi da ma'aunin matsin lamba da ma'aunin matsin lamba.
Nau'o'in matsin lamba da aka fi amfani da su sune:
Mpa (megapascal);
Kpa (kPa);
mashaya (sanduna);
kgf/cm2 (ƙarfin murabba'in santimita);
atm (matsin lamba na yanayi na yau da kullun);
mmHg (millimeters na mercury).
Dangantakar canzawa:
1Mpa=10bar=1000Kpa =7500.6 mmHg = 10.197 kgf/cm2
1atm=760mmHg=1.01326bar =0.101326Mpa
Ana amfani da shi gabaɗaya a fannin injiniyanci:
Mashi 1 = 0.1Mpa ≈1 kgf/cm2 ≈ 1atm = 760 mmHg
Wakiltar matsin lamba da dama:
Matsi Mai Cikakke (Pj): A cikin akwati, matsin lambar da ake yi a bangon ciki na akwati ta hanyar motsin zafi na ƙwayoyin. Matsi a cikin teburin halayen thermodynamic na firiji gabaɗaya matsa lamba ne mai cikakke.
Matsin Gauge (Pb): Matsin da aka auna da ma'aunin matsin lamba a cikin tsarin sanyaya. Matsin Gauge shine bambanci tsakanin matsin iskar gas a cikin akwati da matsin yanayi. Gabaɗaya ana kyautata zaton cewa matsin gauge da bar 1, ko 0.1Mpa, shine matsi mai cikakken ƙarfi.
Digiri na injin tsotsar iska (H): Idan matsin lamba na ma'aunin ya kasance mara kyau, ɗauki ƙimarsa gaba ɗaya kuma ka bayyana ta a cikin digiri na injin tsotsar iska.
3. Teburin halayen thermodynamic na firiji: Teburin halayen thermodynamic na firiji yana lissafa zafin jiki (zafin jikewa) da matsin lamba (matsin jikewa) da sauran sigogi na refrigerant a cikin yanayin jikewa. Akwai daidaito tsakanin zafin jiki da matsin lambar refrigerant a cikin yanayin jikewa.
Ana kyautata zaton cewa na'urar sanyaya daki a cikin na'urar fitar da iska, na'urar sanyaya daki, na'urar raba ruwa da iskar gas, da kuma ganga mai ƙarancin matsi suna cikin yanayi mai cike da ruwa. Tururin (ruwa) a cikin yanayi mai cike da ruwa ana kiransa da tururin mai cike da ruwa (ruwa), kuma zafin jiki da matsin lamba masu dacewa ana kiransu zafin jiki da matsin lamba mai cike da ruwa.
A tsarin sanyaya, ga na'urar sanyaya, zafinsa da matsinsa na jikewa suna daidai da juna. Mafi girman zafin jikewa, haka nan matsin lamba na jikewa yake.
Ana gudanar da ƙafewar na'urar sanyaya daki a cikin na'urar fitar da iska da kuma ƙura a cikin na'urar sanyaya daki a cikin yanayi mai cike da iska, don haka zafin ƙafewar da matsin lamba na ƙafewar, da zafin ƙafewar da matsin lamba na ƙafewar suma suna cikin daidaito ɗaya-da-ɗaya. Ana iya samun alaƙar da ta dace a cikin teburin halayen thermodynamic na refrigerant.
4. Teburin kwatanta zafin jiki da matsin lamba na firiji:
5. Tururi mai zafi da ruwa mai sanyi sosai: A ƙarƙashin wani matsin lamba, zafin tururin ya fi zafin jikewa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba mai dacewa, wanda ake kira tururi mai zafi sosai. A ƙarƙashin wani matsin lamba, zafin ruwan ya yi ƙasa da zafin jikewa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba mai dacewa, wanda ake kira ruwa mai sanyi sosai.
Ana kiran ƙimar da zafin tsotsar ya wuce zafin jikewa. Ana buƙatar a sarrafa matakin tsotsar zafi mai zafi mai zafi daga digiri 5 zuwa 10 na Celsius.
Ana kiran ƙimar zafin ruwan da ya fi ƙasa da zafin jikewa matakin subcooling na ruwa. Sanyaya ruwa gabaɗaya yana faruwa ne a ƙasan condenser, a cikin tattalin arziki, da kuma a cikin intercooler. Sanyaya ruwa kafin bawul ɗin matsi yana da amfani don inganta ingancin sanyaya.
6. Tururi, tsotsa, hayaki, matsin lamba na danshi da zafin jiki
Matsi Mai Tururi (zafin jiki): Matsi (zafin jiki) na na'urar sanyaya iska a cikin na'urar sanyaya iska. Matsi Mai Tururi (zafin jiki): Matsi (zafin jiki) na na'urar sanyaya iska a cikin na'urar sanyaya iska.
Matsin tsotsa (zafin jiki): Matsin (zafin jiki) a tashar tsotsa ta na'urar kwampreso. Matsin fitar da iska (zafin jiki): Matsin (zafin jiki) a tashar fitar da iska ta na'urar kwampreso.
7. Bambancin zafin jiki: Bambancin zafin jiki na canja wurin zafi: yana nufin bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin ruwaye biyu a ɓangarorin biyu na bangon canja wurin zafi. Bambancin zafin jiki shine ƙarfin da ke motsa canja wurin zafi.
Misali, akwai bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin ruwan sanyi da ruwan sanyi; ruwan sanyi da ruwan gishiri; ruwan sanyi da iskar ajiya. Saboda kasancewar bambancin zafin canja wurin zafi, zafin abin da za a sanyaya ya fi zafin ƙafewa; zafin danshi ya fi zafin wurin sanyaya na na'urar sanyaya.
8. Danshi: Danshi yana nufin danshi na iska. Danshi abu ne da ke shafar canja wurin zafi.
Akwai hanyoyi uku na bayyana danshi:
Cikakken Danshi (Z): Yawan tururin ruwa a kowace mita mai siffar cubic na iska.
Yawan danshi (d): Adadin tururin ruwa da ke cikin kilogiram ɗaya na busasshiyar iska (g).
Danshin da ke da alaƙa da juna (φ): Yana nuna matakin da ainihin danshi na iska yake kusa da cikakken danshi.
A wani yanayi na zafi, wani adadin iska zai iya ɗaukar wani adadin tururin ruwa kawai. Idan aka wuce wannan iyaka, tururin ruwa mai yawa zai taru ya zama hazo. Wannan takamaiman adadin tururin ruwa ana kiransa da cikakken danshi. A ƙarƙashin cikakken danshi, akwai cikakken danshi mai cikakken ZB, wanda ke canzawa tare da zafin iska.
A wani yanayi mai zafi, idan danshi ya kai ga danshi mai cikakken ƙarfi, ana kiransa iska mai cikakken ƙarfi, kuma ba za ta iya ƙara karɓar tururin ruwa ba; iskar da za ta iya ci gaba da karɓar wani adadin tururin ruwa ana kiranta iska mara cikakken ƙarfi.
Danshin da ke da alaƙa da juna shine rabon cikakken danshin Z na iska mara cika zuwa cikakken danshin ZB na iska mai cike. Yi amfani da shi don nuna kusancin ainihin cikakken danshin da cikakken danshin.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-08-2022
