Firji, wanda aka fi sani da refrigerant, shine sinadarin da ke aiki a cikin tsarin sanyaya. A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan abubuwa sama da 80 da za a iya amfani da su azaman refrigerants. Mafi yawan refrigerants sune Freon (gami da: R22, R134a, R407c, R410a, R32, da sauransu), ammonia (NH3), ruwa (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), ƙaramin adadin hydrocarbons (kamar: R290, R600a).
Alamomin tasirin na'urorin sanyaya daki ga muhallin duniya sun haɗa da: yuwuwar rage yawan iskar ozone (ODP) da yuwuwar dumamar yanayi (GWP); baya ga tasirin da zai yi wa muhalli, na'urorin sanyaya daki suma suna da aminci mai kyau don kare rayukan mutane da kadarorinsu.
Ƙarfin Rage Ozone na ODP: Yana nuna ikon chlorofluorocarbons a cikin sararin samaniya na lalata layin ozone. Ƙaramin ƙimar, mafi kyawun halayen muhalli na na'urar sanyaya. Ana ɗaukar na'urorin sanyaya da ƙimar ODP ƙasa da ko daidai da 0.05 a matsayin abin karɓa bisa ga matakan yanzu.
Ƙarfin Dumamar Duniya na GWP: Alamar tasirin yanayi da hayakin iskar gas mai dumama yanayi ke haifarwa, wanda ke nuna cewa a cikin wani lokaci (shekaru 20, shekaru 100, shekaru 500), tasirin hayakin mai dumama yanayi na wani iskar gas mai dumama yanayi ya yi daidai da ingancin CO2 tare da irin wannan tasirin, CO2. GWP=1.0. Yawanci ana ƙididdige GWP bisa ga shekaru 100, wanda aka nuna a matsayin GWP100, "Montreal Protocol" da "Kyoto Protocol" duka suna amfani da GWP100.
1. Rarraba na'urorin sanyaya
A cewar GB/T 7778-2017, an raba amincin firiji zuwa rukuni 8, wato: A1, A2L, A2, A3, B1, B2L, B2, B3, daga cikinsu A1 shine mafi aminci kuma B3 shine mafi haɗari.
Matakan aminci na na'urorin sanyaya daki na yau da kullun sune kamar haka:
Nau'in A1: R11, R12, R13, R113, R114, R115, R116, R22, R124, R23, R125, R134a,, R236fa, R218, RC318, R401a, R401b, R402a, R402b, R403a, R403b, R404a, R407a, R407b, R407c, R407d, R408a, R409a, R410a, R417a, R422d, R500, R501, R502, R507a, R508a, R508b, R509a, R513a, R744
Nau'in A2: R142b, R152a, R406a, R411a, R411b, R412a, R413a, R415b, R418a, R419a, R512a
Nau'in A2L: R143a, R32, R1234yf, R1234ze(E)
Class A3: R290, R600, R600a, R601a, R1270, RE170, R510a, R511a
Rukuni na B1: R123, R245fa
Nau'in B2L: R717
Dangane da yanayin zafin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen fitar da ruwan sanyi a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba na yanayi (100kPa), ana iya raba shi zuwa: ruwan sanyi mai zafi, ruwan sanyi mai matsakaicin zafi, da ruwan sanyi mai ƙarancin zafi.
Na'urar sanyaya iska mai ƙarancin matsin lamba: zafin ƙafewa ya fi 0°C, kuma matsin lamba na narkewa ya fi ƙasa da 29.41995×104Pa. Waɗannan na'urorin sanyaya iska sun dace da amfani da su a cikin na'urorin sanyaya iska masu ƙarfin centrifugal a cikin tsarin sanyaya iska.
Na'urar sanyaya sanyi mai matsakaicin matsin lamba: na'urar sanyaya sanyi mai matsakaicin matsin lamba: zafin ƙafewa -50 ~ 0°C, matsin lamba mai narkewa (196.113 ~ 29.41995) × 104Pa. Ana amfani da wannan nau'in na'urar sanyaya sanyi gabaɗaya a cikin tsarin sanyaya firinji mai matakai ɗaya da matakai biyu.
Na'urar sanyaya iska mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin zafi: na'urar sanyaya iska mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin zafi: zafin ƙafewar iska ya fi ƙasa da -50°C, kuma matsin lamba na danshi ya fi 196.133×104Pa. Wannan nau'in na'urar sanyaya iska ya dace da ɓangaren na'urar sanyaya iska mai ƙarancin zafi ko na'urar sanyaya iska mai ƙarancin zafi ƙasa da -70°C.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-28-2022
